10 Most important and commonly used Aircraft Terminologies

Every aviation student or enthusiast should know:

✈️ 10 Important Aircraft Terminologies

MTOW (Maximum Takeoff Weight)

    • The maximum weight at which an aircraft is certified to take off safely.
MLW (Maximum Landing Weight)
    • The maximum weight at which an aircraft can safely land without structural damage.
MZFW (Maximum Zero Fuel Weight)
    • The maximum permissible weight of the aircraft without fuel (includes payload + crew + equipment).
CG (Center of Gravity)
    • The point where the aircraft’s total weight is balanced, critical for stability and control.
Thrust-to-Weight Ratio
    • A measure of engine performance; compares thrust produced by engines to aircraft weight.
Service Ceiling
    • The maximum altitude an aircraft can reach while maintaining a specified rate of climb.
Range
    • The maximum distance an aircraft can fly on a full fuel load under specified conditions.
ETA (Estimated Time of Arrival)
    • The predicted time an aircraft will arrive at its destination.

V-Speeds (Velocity Speeds)
    • Standard airspeeds important for operation, e.g.:
      • V1 = Decision speed (abort/takeoff decision).
      • VR = Rotation speed (nose lifts off).
      • V2 = Takeoff safety speed.
Flight Envelope
  • The limits of an aircraft’s speed, altitude, and maneuverability within which it can operate safely.