10 Most important and commonly used Aircraft Terminologies

Every aviation student or enthusiast should know:

✈️ 10 Important Aircraft Terminologies

MTOW (Maximum Takeoff Weight)

• The maximum weight at which an aircraft is certified to take off safely.

MLW (Maximum Landing Weight)

• The maximum weight at which an aircraft can safely land without structural damage.

MZFW (Maximum Zero Fuel Weight)

• The maximum permissible weight of the aircraft without fuel (includes payload + crew + equipment).

CG (Center of Gravity)

• The point where the aircraft’s total weight is balanced, critical for stability and control.

Thrust-to-Weight Ratio

• A measure of engine performance; compares thrust produced by engines to aircraft weight.

Service Ceiling

• The maximum altitude an aircraft can reach while maintaining a specified rate of climb.

Range

• The maximum distance an aircraft can fly on a full fuel load under specified conditions.

ETA (Estimated Time of Arrival)

• The predicted time an aircraft will arrive at its destination.

V-Speeds (Velocity Speeds)

• Standard airspeeds important for operation, e.g.:
• V1 = Decision speed (abort/takeoff decision).
• VR = Rotation speed (nose lifts off).
• V2 = Takeoff safety speed.

Flight Envelope

• The limits of an aircraft’s speed, altitude, and maneuverability within which it can operate safely.

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