Module 06 Materials and Hardware 100 Important Sentences for Revision

1. Basic Material Properties

1. Material science studies properties and behavior of engineering materials.
2. All materials are classified as metals, ceramics, polymers, or composites.
3. Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
4. Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
5. Density is mass per unit volume.
6. Elasticity is the ability of a material to return to its original shape after deformation.
7. Plasticity is the ability to permanently deform without breaking.
8. Ductility allows a material to be drawn into wires.
9. Malleability allows a material to be hammered into thin sheets.
10. Brittleness means a material breaks easily without deformation.

2. Mechanical Properties

11. Tensile strength is the maximum stress before breaking.
12. Compressive strength resists squeezing forces.
13. Shear strength resists sliding forces.
14. Hardness measures resistance to indentation.
15. Toughness is the ability to absorb energy before fracture.
16. Fatigue is failure caused by repeated stress cycles.
17. Creep is slow deformation under constant stress and temperature.
18. Stress is force per unit area.
19. Strain is the deformation caused by stress.
20. Hooke’s Law states stress is proportional to strain within elastic limit.

3. Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals

21. Ferrous metals contain iron.
22. Non-ferrous metals do not contain iron.
23. Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon.
24. Stainless steel contains chromium for corrosion resistance.
25. Cast iron is brittle but strong in compression.
26. Aluminum is lightweight and corrosion resistant.
27. Copper is a good conductor of electricity.
28. Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.
29. Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.
30. Titanium is strong, light, and resistant to corrosion — used in aircraft.

4. Heat Treatment

31. Heat treatment changes the physical properties of metals.
32. Annealing softens the metal and relieves stress.
33. Normalizing refines grain structure and improves toughness.
34. Hardening increases hardness by rapid cooling.
35. Quenching is the process of rapid cooling in oil or water.
36. Tempering reduces brittleness after hardening.
37. Case hardening hardens only the surface of steel.
38. Solution heat treatment is used for aluminum alloys.
39. Precipitation hardening increases strength by forming fine particles.
40. Age hardening strengthens certain alloys over time.

5. Corrosion and Protection

41. Corrosion is the deterioration of metal by chemical or electrochemical reaction.
42. Oxidation is a common form of corrosion.
43. Galvanic corrosion occurs when two dissimilar metals contact in moisture.
44. Pitting corrosion causes small, deep holes in metal.
45. Intergranular corrosion occurs along grain boundaries.
46. Filiform corrosion appears as thread-like lines under paint.
47. Stress corrosion cracking occurs under tensile stress and corrosive environment.
48. Erosion corrosion is caused by high-speed fluid flow.
49. Fretting corrosion occurs due to vibration and movement.
50. Protective coatings and paints prevent corrosion.

6. Composite Materials

51. Composite materials are made of two or more different materials.
52. Fiber-reinforced plastics are commonly used in aircraft.
53. Matrix binds the reinforcement together.
54. Reinforcement provides strength and stiffness.
55. Glass fibre is cheap but less strong.
56. Carbon fibre is lightweight and very strong.
57. Kevlar fibre is strong and resistant to impact.
58. Honeycomb structures provide high strength with low weight.
59. Sandwich panels consist of skins and core.
60. Composites are resistant to corrosion and fatigue.

7. Plastics and Rubber

61. Thermoplastics soften when heated and harden when cooled.
62. Thermosetting plastics harden permanently when heated.
63. Nylon, polyethylene, and PVC are thermoplastics.
64. Epoxy and phenolic resins are thermosetting plastics.
65. Rubber is an elastic material used for seals and gaskets.
66. Natural rubber is made from latex of trees.
67. Synthetic rubber is made from petroleum products.
68. O-rings provide tight seals in hydraulic and fuel systems.
69. Plastic components are lightweight but can deform with heat.
70. Plasticizers improve flexibility of plastics.

8. Aircraft Hardware

71. Aircraft hardware includes bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, and washers.
72. AN and MS standards are used for aircraft fasteners.
73. Bolts are used where high strength is required.
74. Screws are used for light loads and soft materials.
75. Self-locking nuts prevent loosening from vibration.
76. Cotter pins secure castle nuts.
77. Washers distribute load and protect surfaces.
78. Rivets are permanent fasteners for joining metal sheets.
79. Solid rivets require access to both sides of the joint.
80. Blind rivets are used where only one side is accessible.

9. Bearings, Pipes, and Control Cables

81. Bearings reduce friction between moving parts.
82. Ball bearings use spherical balls between races.
83. Roller bearings use cylindrical rollers for higher load capacity.
84. Plain bearings rely on lubrication between surfaces.
85. Bushings are sleeve-type plain bearings.
86. Flexible hoses are used for fluid systems.
87. Rigid pipes are made from aluminium or stainless steel.
88. Pipe fittings include flared, flareless, and beaded types.
89. Safety wiring prevents loosening of critical fittings.
90. Aircraft control cables are made of stainless steel.

10. Inspection, Testing, and Safety

91. Visual inspection detects surface defects.
92. Dye penetrant testing reveals surface cracks.
93. Magnetic particle testing detects surface cracks in ferrous metals.
94. Eddy current testing detects cracks without removing paint.
95. Ultrasonic testing detects internal flaws using sound waves.
96. Radiographic testing uses X-rays for internal inspection.
97. Hardness testing determines resistance to indentation.
98. Impact testing measures material toughness.
99. Always wear PPE during material handling and testing.
100. Proper storage prevents corrosion and contamination of materials.

 

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All types of AMEL Modules Questions quantity and Time information

 Modules Questions and time information

MODULE 1 MATHEMATICS

1. Category A:    16 multi-choice Time allowed 20 minutes.
2. Category B1:  32 multi-choice Time allowed 40 minutes.
3. Category B2:  32 multi-choice Time allowed 40 minutes.
4. Category B3:  28 multi-choice Time allowed 35 minutes. 

MODULE 2 PHYSICS

1. Category A:    32 multi-choice Time allowed 40 minutes.
2. Category B1:  52 multi-choice Time allowed 65 minutes.
3. Category B2:  52 multi-choice Time allowed 65 minutes.
4. Category B3:  28 multi-choice Time allowed 35 minutes.

MODULE 3 ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS

1. Category A:    20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
2. Category B1:  52 multi-choice Time allowed 65 minutes.
3. Category B2:  52 multi-choice Time allowed 65 minutes.
4. Category B3:  24 multi-choice Time allowed 30 minutes.

MODULE 4 ELECTRONIC FUNDAMENTALS

1. Category B1:   20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
2. Category B2:   40 multi-choice Time allowed 50 minutes.
3. Category B3:   8 multi-choice Time allowed 10 minutes.

MODULE 5 DIGITAL TECHNIQUES

1. Category A:         16 multi-choice Time allowed 20 minutes.
2. Category B1.1:    40 multi-choice Time allowed 50 minutes.
3. Category B1.3:    40 multi-choice Time allowed 50 minutes
4. Category B1.2:    20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
5. Category B1.4:    20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
6. Category B2:       72 multi-choice Time allowed 90 minutes.
7. Category B3:       16 multi-choice Time allowed 20 minutes.

MODULE 6 MATERIALS AND HARDWARE

1. Category A:    52 multi-choice Time allowed 65 minutes.
2. Category B1:  72 multi-choice Time allowed 90 minutes.
3. Category B2:  60 multi-choice Time allowed 75 minutes.
4. Category B3:  60 multi-choice Time allowed 75 minutes.

MODULE 7A MAINTENANCE PRACTICES

1. Category A:    72 multi-choice and 2 essay questions. Time allowed 90 mins plus 40 mins. 
2. Category B1:  80 multi-choice and 2 essay questions. Time allowed 100 mins plus 40 mins.
3. Category B2:  60 multi-choice and 2 essay questions. Time allowed 75 mins plus 40 mins.

MODULE 7B MAINTENANCE PRACTICES

1. Category B3:  60 multi-choice and 2 essay questions. Time allowed 75 mins plus 40 mins.

MODULE 8 BASIC AERODYNAMICS

1. Category A:    20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
2. Category B1:  20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
3. Category B2:  20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
4. Category B3:  20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.

MODULE 9A HUMAN FACTORS

1. Category A:     20 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 25 mins plus 20 mins.
2. Category B1:   20 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 25 mins plus 20 mins.
3. Category B2:   20 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 25 mins plus 20 mins.

MODULE 9B — HUMAN FACTORS

1. Category B3:  16 multi-choice and 1 essay questions. Time allowed 20 mins plus 20 mins.

MODULE 10 AVIATION LEGISLATION

1. Category A:    32 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 40 mins plus 20 mins.
2. Category B1:  40 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 50 mins plus 20 mins.
3. Category B2:  40 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 50 mins plus 20 mins.
4. Category B3:  32 multi-choice and 1 essay questions. Time allowed 40 mins plus 20 mins.

MODULE 11A TURBINE AEROPLANE STRUCTURES & SYS

1. Category A:    108 multi-choice Time allowed 135 minutes. 
2. Category B1:  140 multi-choice Time allowed 175 minutes.

MODULE 11B — PISTON AEROPLANE AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES & SYS

1. Category A:    72 multi-choice Time allowed 90 minutes.
2. Category B1:  100 multi-choice Time allowed 125 minutes.

 MODULE 11C — PISTON AEROPLANE, STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS 

1. Category B3:   60 multi-choice Time allowed 75 minutes.

MODULE 12 HELICOPTER AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES AND SYS

1. Category A:    100 multi-choice Time allowed 125 minutes.
2. Category B1:  128 multi-choice Time allowed 160 minutes.

MODULE 13 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS

1. Category B2:   180 multi-choice Time allowed 225 minutes.

MODULE 14 PROPULSION 

1. Category B2:    24 multi-choice Time allowed 30 minutes.

MODULE 15 GAS TURBINE ENGINE

1. Category A:    60 multi-choice Time allowed 75 minutes.
2. Category B1:  92 multi-choice Time allowed 115 minutes.

MODULE 16 PISTON ENGINE

1. Category A:    52 multi-choice Time allowed 65 minutes.
2. Category B1:  72 multi-choice Time allowed 90 minutes.
3. Category B3:  68 multi-choice Time allowed 85 minutes.

MODULE 17A PROPELLER

1. Category A:    20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
2. Category B1:  32 multi-choice Time allowed 40 minutes.

MODULE 17B PROPELLER

1. Category B3:   28 multi-choice Time allowed 35 minutes

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Module - 06 Final Practice Exam Test (Materials & Hardware)

Module - 06 (Materials & Hardware)

Final Practice Exam Test

  

 

1. What temperature would steel be tempered at?
   1.   At the annealing temperature
   2.   Above the annealing temperature
   3.   Below the annealing temperature
2. At normal temperatures HC steel is harder because?
   1.   it has more austenite
   2.   of the % of carbon in the granules
   3.   it has less austenite
3. Nitriding is ?
   1.   case hardening
   2.   anodising
   3.   tempering
4. The annealing process on steel is required sometimes as it ?
   1.   provides a corrosion resistant layer that prevents oxidation
   2.   relieves internal stress suffered after engineering processes
   3.   allows the material a greater stress per unit area
5. The properties of pearlitic metal are that it is both ?
   1.   strong but too and hard and brittle
   2.   soft and weak
   3.   strong without being brittle
6. The socket section of an AN/MS connector is normally installed on ?
   1.   either side of a circuit (makes no difference)
   2.   the ground side of the circuit
   3.   the power supply side of the circuit
7. When installing coaxial cable, it should be secured along its entire length ?
   1.   at 1-foot intervals
   2.   at 2-foot intervals
   3.   wherever the cable sags
8. Solution treatment after manufacturers have performed it once can be carried out a further ?
   1.   3 times
   2.   1 time
   3.   2 times
9. When buffing surface of Aluminium Alloy, what material are you removing?
   1.   Oxide layer
   2.   Aluminium
   3.   Alloy
10. Why are aluminium alloys used on aircraft, instead of pure aluminium?
    1.   Lighter
    2.   Corrosion resistant
    3.   Stronger
11. The process of forming a pure layer of aluminium over an aluminium alloy is ?
    1.   cladding
    2.   electroplating
    3.   metalizing
12. Cast iron is ?
    The common bonding material for Tungsten Carbide is ?
    1.   very malleable
    2.   tough
    3.   heavy and brittle
13. What is a Rockwell tester used for ?
    aircraft will
    
    1.   Tensile Testing
    2.   Hardness Testing
    3.   Fatigue Testing
14. The symbol 'W' on a material indicates ?
    1.   it is for use on aircraft mainplanes only
    2.   it has been solution treated and will respond effectively to precipitation treatment
    3.   it is for workshop use only
15. Composition of silver solder is ?
    1.   tin, lead, silver and antimony
    2.   tin, lead and silver
    3.   tin and lead
16. Precipitation treating makes the metal ?
    
    1.   Precipitation treating makes the metal
    2.   less strong and hard
    3.   harder, stronger and less ductile
17. The time between removal from heat treatment furnace and quenching must be not more than ?
    1.   05 seconds
    2.   10 seconds
    3.   15 seconds
18. The metal which must not be heated in a salt bath is?
    
    1.   magnesium alloy
    2.   duralumin
    3.   rivets made of alclad
19. A material containing approximately 66% nickel and 33% copper is known as ?
    1.   Nimonic
    2.   Invar
    3.   Monel metal
20. Hooke's law states that, within the elastic region, elastic strain is?
    
    1.   directly proportional to stress
    2.   directly opposite to stress
    3.   indirectly proportional to stress
21. What type of a test involves stretching material until it breaks ?
    
    1.   Fatigue Testing
    2.   Hardness Testing
    3.   Tensile Testing
22. Two parts of the adhesive process are?
    
    1.   wetting and gripping
    2.   wetting and setting
    3.   spreading and setting
23. Polyester resin and glass fibre cloth, becomes ?
    
    1.   PTFE
    2.   PVC
    3.   GRP
24. A category of plastic material that is capable of softening or flowing when reheated is described as a ?
    
    1.   thermoset
    2.   thermoplastic
    3.   thermocure
25. The classification of high tensile strength fibreglass used in aircraft structures is ?
    
    1.   G-glass
    2.   E-glass
    3.   S-glass
26. Which of the following are generally characteristic of aramid fibre (Kevlar) composites ?
    1.   High tensile strength, stiffness and ability to conduct electricity
    2.   Flexibility, stiffness and corrosive effect in contact with aluminium
    3.   High tensile strength and flexibility
27. What tests are done on adhesive joints ?
    1.   Impact and peel
    2.   Shear and peel
    3.   Impact and shear
28. If you increase the amount of catalyst in a resin mixture ?
    1.   the pot life will be decreased
    2.   the material will become weaker
    3.   the material will become stronger
29. What is the largest hole in honeycomb repairable with microballoons ?
    1.   2.54 inches
    2.   2.54 mm
    3.   2.54 cm
30. What does MSDS stand for ?
    1.   Metal Surface Dimension Sector
    2.   Material Safety Data Sheet
    3.   Maximum Structural Design System
31. With what would you check the bonded joints of a wooden aircraft structure ?
    
    1.   A screwdriver
    2.   A plastic strip
    3.   A feeler gauge
32. Replacement of a wooden spar is ?
    1.   only permitted by the manufacturer
    2.   a minor repair
    3.   a major repair
33. A surface patch to a plywood structure may be a large as ?
    1.   50 inch perimeter
    2.   50 inch diameter
    3.   50 sq.inch area
34. The standard wood type for aircraft wood structures is ?
    1.   douglas fir
    2.   spruce
    3.   pine
35. Red heart and purple heart ?
    1.   are harmless natural defects in wood
    2.   are types of hard-wood
    3.   are forms of decay in wood
36. A faint line running across the grain of a wood spar generally indicates ?
    1.   shear failure
    2.   compression failure
    3.   decay
37. Lacing cord used on aircraft fabric covering must have a minimum breaking strength of ?
    1.   40 lb
    2.   80 lb
    3.   120 lb
38. Aircraft fabric lacing cord is reinforced with ?
    1.   lanolin
    2.   epoxy
    3.   wax
39. Which of the following is true regarding aircraft dope type ?
    1.   Either type of dope may be applied over the top of any type of dope
    2.   Butyrate dope may be applied over the top of nitrate dope
    3.   Nitrate dope may be applied over the top of butyrate dope
40. A retarder is added to aircraft dope to ?
    1.   produce a smoother finish
    2.   to retard the application time
    3.   to extend the shelf life
41. What width of finishing tape should be used on a tear in a fabric cover which is 10 inches long ?
    1.   4 inches
    2.   6 inches
    3.   2 inches
42. The threads per inch of Grade 'A' aircraft fabric is ?
    1.   60-64
    2.   110-115
    3.   80-84
43. Corrosion caused by electrolytic action is the result of ?
    1.   excessive anodization
    2.   contact between two unlike metals
    3.   the wrong quenching agent
44. Exfoliation corrosion is sometimes referred to as ?
    1.   sub-surface corrosion
    2.   filiform corrosion
    3.   layer corrosion
45. Which is the following correct statement ?
    1.   Selenious acid is used for the re-protection of aluminium alloys
    2.   The chemical test for bronze is nitric acid which produces a white precipitate
    3.   All corrosion is a chemical action
46. Corrosion control begins at the ?
    1.   production stage
    2.   manufacturing stage
    3.   design stage
47. Corrosion caused by galvanic action is the result of ?
    1.   excessive anodization
    2.   contact between two unlike metals
    3.   excessive etching
48. What are the signs of fretting corrosion ?
    1.   Black powder or cocoa staining
    2.   Intergranular cracking
    3.   Flaking
49. Magnesium alloy components are protected by ?
    1.   an electro process
    2.   a chemical process
    3.   a painted process
50. Corrosion at the grain boundaries is called ?
    1.   filiform
    2.   fretting
    3.   intergrannular
51. Anti-corrosion treatment used on Magnesium is ?
    1.   chromating
    2.   electro-plating
    3.   phosphating
52. The pitch of a screw thread is ?
    1.   2 * crest to root
    2.   crest to root
    3.   crest to crest
53. A metric screw thread angle is ?
    1.   37 °
    2.   57 °
    3.   60 °
54. What sort of surface treatment would you find on a magnesium casting ?
    1.   Chromating
    2.   Phosphating
    3.   Anodizing
55. Studs which have a size larger thread at one end are called ?
    1.   plain studs
    2.   shouldered studs
    3.   stepped studs
56. A dowel will take what loads ?
    1.   torsion
    2.   tensile
    3.   shear
57. UNF means ?
    1.   union national fine
    2.   unified fine
    3.   united nations fine
58. Aircraft bolts are usually manufactured with a ?
    1.   class 3 fit for the threads
    2.   class 2 fit for the threads
    3.   class 1 fit for the threads
59. A spring type washer when used on an aluminium component must be used ?
    1.   with a tab washer
    2.   by itself
    3.   with a plain washer
60. Taper pins are subject to what loads ?
    1.   Shear
    2.   Compressive
    3.   Tensile
61. How is a British aluminium rivet identified ?
    1.   Violet anodic finish
    2.   Natural anodised finish
    3.   Black anodic finish
62. An aluminium alloy L37 rivet identification is ?
    1.   D embossed
    2.   O embossed
    3.   X embossed
63. The length of solid rivets is in graduations of ?
    1.   1/4 inch
    2.   1/8 inch
    3.   1/16 inch
64. Countersunk rivets have two angles of countersink, these are ?
    1.   100 - 115 degrees
    2.   125 - 135 degrees
    3.   100 -160 degrees
65. A 'HUCK' rivet is similar in design to a ?
    1.   dome head rivet
    2.   blind rivet
    3.   cherry rivet
66. What type loads cause the most rivet failures ?
    1.   Bearing
    2.   Head
    3.   Shear
67. How are flexible hoses categorised ?
    1.   By diameter
    2.   By maximum pressure
    3.   By length
68. How would you test a hydraulic hose ?
    1.   Pressure test 1.5 * working pressure
    2.   Pressure test 2.0 * working pressure
    3.   Pressure test 1.0 * working pressure
69. Which material is a hydraulic fluid hose made from ?
    1.   Rubber
    2.   Butyl
    3.   Teflon
70. A 0.5 in. diameter pipe is to be joined using standard nuts and fittings. What coupling would you use ?
    1.   AN8-8852-2
    2.   AN8-8852-8
    3.   AN8-8852-1
71. A self aligning bearing is a ?
    1.   angular bearing
    2.   precision bearing
    3.   radial bearing
72. What type of gear would be used on a propeller reduction gearbox ?
    1.   Bevel
    2.   Epicyclic
    3.   Split epicyclic

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