Module 05 Digital Techniques 100 Important Sentences for Revision

1. Basics of Digital Systems

1. Digital systems work with discrete values, usually 0 and 1.
2. Analog systems work with continuous values.
3. Binary number system is used in all digital circuits.
4. A bit is a binary digit, either 0 or 1.
5. A byte consists of 8 bits.
6. Nibble is a group of 4 bits.
7. Binary numbers are converted to decimal for interpretation.
8. The octal number system uses base 8.
9. The hexadecimal system uses base 16.
10. Hexadecimal is often used in computer memory addressing.

2. Logic Gates

11. Logic gates perform basic logic operations.
12. AND gate output is 1 only if all inputs are 1.
13. OR gate output is 1 if any input is 1.
14. NOT gate inverts the input signal.
15. NAND gate output is opposite of AND gate.
16. NOR gate output is opposite of OR gate.
17. XOR gate output is 1 when inputs are different.
18. XNOR gate output is 1 when inputs are the same.
19. Truth tables show input-output logic relationships.
20. Boolean algebra simplifies digital circuits.

3. Number Systems and Codes

21. Binary addition follows 1+1 = 10 rule.
22. Binary subtraction follows 10−1 = 1 rule.
23. BCD stands for Binary-Coded Decimal.
24. ASCII code represents letters and numbers in computers.
25. Parity bits are used for error detection.
26. Even parity means total number of 1s is even.
27. Odd parity means total number of 1s is odd.
28. Gray code changes only one bit between adjacent numbers.
29. Excess-3 code is used in digital counters.
30. Codes help reduce data transmission errors.

4. Logic Circuits

31. Combinational logic depends only on current inputs.
32. Sequential logic depends on current and past inputs.
33. Flip-flops store one bit of data.
34. SR flip-flop has Set and Reset inputs.
35. JK flip-flop eliminates invalid states.
36. D flip-flop transfers input at clock edge.
37. T flip-flop toggles its state when triggered.
38. Latches are used for temporary data storage.
39. Counters count pulses in digital circuits.
40. Shift registers move data in serial or parallel form.

5. Microprocessors and Computers

41. A microprocessor is the brain of a digital system.
42. Microprocessor performs arithmetic and logic operations.
43. CPU stands for Central Processing Unit.
44. CPU includes ALU, control unit, and registers.
45. ALU stands for Arithmetic Logic Unit.
46. Memory stores data and instructions.
47. RAM is volatile memory that loses data when power is off.
48. ROM is non-volatile memory that retains data permanently.
49. EEPROM can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.
50. Cache memory speeds up processor operations.

6. Computer Systems

51. Hardware includes physical components like CPU, keyboard, and monitor.
52. Software is a set of instructions for hardware.
53. Operating system manages computer resources.
54. BIOS stands for Basic Input Output System.
55. Input devices include keyboard, mouse, and scanner.
56. Output devices include monitor and printer.
57. Storage devices include hard drive, SSD, and USB.
58. Data bus carries data between components.
59. Address bus carries memory addresses.
60. Control bus manages operation timing and control signals.

7. Digital Data Transmission

61. Data transmission can be serial or parallel.
62. In serial transmission, bits are sent one after another.
63. In parallel transmission, multiple bits are sent simultaneously.
64. Synchronous transmission uses a clock signal.
65. Asynchronous transmission uses start and stop bits.
66. Baud rate defines number of signal changes per second.
67. Modulation converts digital data to analog signals.
68. Demodulation converts analog signal back to digital.
69. Multiplexing allows multiple signals on one channel.
70. Demultiplexing separates combined signals.

8. Aircraft Digital Systems

71. Modern aircraft use digital avionics for precision and reliability.
72. ADC converts analog signals to digital form.
73. DAC converts digital signals to analog form.
74. ARINC 429 is a common digital data bus in aircraft.
75. ARINC 429 uses one-way transmission and two wires.
76. ARINC 629 allows multiple transmitters on one bus.
77. MIL-STD-1553 is used in military aircraft.
78. Digital data buses reduce wiring complexity.
79. Redundancy ensures system reliability in avionics.
80. EFIS displays flight data on LCD or CRT screens.

9. Instrument Systems

81. Digital instruments replace traditional mechanical gauges.
82. ADCs are used in digital flight data systems.
83. Flight Data Recorder (FDR) stores aircraft data continuously.
84. Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) stores crew communications.
85. Digital Air Data Computer (ADC) calculates altitude and airspeed.
86. Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS) provides aircraft attitude.
87. Inertial Reference System (IRS) uses accelerometers and gyros.
88. Gyros sense angular rotation.
89. Accelerometers sense linear acceleration.
90. Glass cockpit integrates multiple displays into one system.

10. Safety, Maintenance, and Testing

91. Static electricity can damage electronic circuits.
92. Always use anti-static wrist straps when handling components.
93. Grounding prevents electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage.
94. Continuity testing checks complete electrical paths.
95. Insulation testing ensures isolation between circuits.
96. Logic probes test digital high or low states.
97. Oscilloscopes display voltage over time.
98. Multi meters measure voltage, current, and resistance.
99. Built-in Test Equipment (BITE) detects faults automatically.
100. Regular calibration ensures accurate electronic readings.

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All types of AMEL Modules Questions quantity and Time information

 Modules Questions and time information

MODULE 1 MATHEMATICS

1. Category A:    16 multi-choice Time allowed 20 minutes.
2. Category B1:  32 multi-choice Time allowed 40 minutes.
3. Category B2:  32 multi-choice Time allowed 40 minutes.
4. Category B3:  28 multi-choice Time allowed 35 minutes. 

MODULE 2 PHYSICS

1. Category A:    32 multi-choice Time allowed 40 minutes.
2. Category B1:  52 multi-choice Time allowed 65 minutes.
3. Category B2:  52 multi-choice Time allowed 65 minutes.
4. Category B3:  28 multi-choice Time allowed 35 minutes.

MODULE 3 ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS

1. Category A:    20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
2. Category B1:  52 multi-choice Time allowed 65 minutes.
3. Category B2:  52 multi-choice Time allowed 65 minutes.
4. Category B3:  24 multi-choice Time allowed 30 minutes.

MODULE 4 ELECTRONIC FUNDAMENTALS

1. Category B1:   20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
2. Category B2:   40 multi-choice Time allowed 50 minutes.
3. Category B3:   8 multi-choice Time allowed 10 minutes.

MODULE 5 DIGITAL TECHNIQUES

1. Category A:         16 multi-choice Time allowed 20 minutes.
2. Category B1.1:    40 multi-choice Time allowed 50 minutes.
3. Category B1.3:    40 multi-choice Time allowed 50 minutes
4. Category B1.2:    20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
5. Category B1.4:    20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
6. Category B2:       72 multi-choice Time allowed 90 minutes.
7. Category B3:       16 multi-choice Time allowed 20 minutes.

MODULE 6 MATERIALS AND HARDWARE

1. Category A:    52 multi-choice Time allowed 65 minutes.
2. Category B1:  72 multi-choice Time allowed 90 minutes.
3. Category B2:  60 multi-choice Time allowed 75 minutes.
4. Category B3:  60 multi-choice Time allowed 75 minutes.

MODULE 7A MAINTENANCE PRACTICES

1. Category A:    72 multi-choice and 2 essay questions. Time allowed 90 mins plus 40 mins. 
2. Category B1:  80 multi-choice and 2 essay questions. Time allowed 100 mins plus 40 mins.
3. Category B2:  60 multi-choice and 2 essay questions. Time allowed 75 mins plus 40 mins.

MODULE 7B MAINTENANCE PRACTICES

1. Category B3:  60 multi-choice and 2 essay questions. Time allowed 75 mins plus 40 mins.

MODULE 8 BASIC AERODYNAMICS

1. Category A:    20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
2. Category B1:  20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
3. Category B2:  20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
4. Category B3:  20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.

MODULE 9A HUMAN FACTORS

1. Category A:     20 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 25 mins plus 20 mins.
2. Category B1:   20 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 25 mins plus 20 mins.
3. Category B2:   20 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 25 mins plus 20 mins.

MODULE 9B — HUMAN FACTORS

1. Category B3:  16 multi-choice and 1 essay questions. Time allowed 20 mins plus 20 mins.

MODULE 10 AVIATION LEGISLATION

1. Category A:    32 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 40 mins plus 20 mins.
2. Category B1:  40 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 50 mins plus 20 mins.
3. Category B2:  40 multi-choice and 1 essay question. Time allowed 50 mins plus 20 mins.
4. Category B3:  32 multi-choice and 1 essay questions. Time allowed 40 mins plus 20 mins.

MODULE 11A TURBINE AEROPLANE STRUCTURES & SYS

1. Category A:    108 multi-choice Time allowed 135 minutes. 
2. Category B1:  140 multi-choice Time allowed 175 minutes.

MODULE 11B — PISTON AEROPLANE AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES & SYS

1. Category A:    72 multi-choice Time allowed 90 minutes.
2. Category B1:  100 multi-choice Time allowed 125 minutes.

 MODULE 11C — PISTON AEROPLANE, STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS 

1. Category B3:   60 multi-choice Time allowed 75 minutes.

MODULE 12 HELICOPTER AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES AND SYS

1. Category A:    100 multi-choice Time allowed 125 minutes.
2. Category B1:  128 multi-choice Time allowed 160 minutes.

MODULE 13 AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS

1. Category B2:   180 multi-choice Time allowed 225 minutes.

MODULE 14 PROPULSION 

1. Category B2:    24 multi-choice Time allowed 30 minutes.

MODULE 15 GAS TURBINE ENGINE

1. Category A:    60 multi-choice Time allowed 75 minutes.
2. Category B1:  92 multi-choice Time allowed 115 minutes.

MODULE 16 PISTON ENGINE

1. Category A:    52 multi-choice Time allowed 65 minutes.
2. Category B1:  72 multi-choice Time allowed 90 minutes.
3. Category B3:  68 multi-choice Time allowed 85 minutes.

MODULE 17A PROPELLER

1. Category A:    20 multi-choice Time allowed 25 minutes.
2. Category B1:  32 multi-choice Time allowed 40 minutes.

MODULE 17B PROPELLER

1. Category B3:   28 multi-choice Time allowed 35 minutes

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M-5 Digital Techniques Final Practice test [40 Question 50 Mintues]

 

Module 05. Digital Techniques

Quiz

  

 

1. Typical displays on an EHSI are?
   1.   VOR, Map, Plan and weather radar
   2.   Engine indications
   3.   VOR, Plan, Map and Attitude
2. Engine parameters are displayed on?
   1.   EHSI
   2.   ECAM
   3.   FMSCDU
3. EADI displays show ?
   1.   pitch, roll and waypoints
   2.   pitch and roll attitudes
   3.   heading and weather radar
4. The binary number 11010111 expressed as a decimal is ?
   1.   215
   2.   223
   3.   207
5. The octal number 1001 expressed as a decimal is?
   1.   65
   2.   9
   3.   513
6. What is 345 in binary?
   1.   100111001
   2.   101011001
   3.   110011001
7. The BITE indicator on a DFDR shows Yellow colour. This indicates?
   1.   power is ON and DFDR is recording data
   2.   power is OFF or DFDR is at Fault
   3.   power is ON but DFDR is not recording data
8. FMS CDU warnings are ?
   1.   OFST and Fail
   2.   MSG, fail and OFST
   3.   Fail and MSG
9. What warnings can an FMS provide?
   1.   Spurious faults
   2.   Ground faults only
   3.   Discrete warnings
10. The Flight data recorder starts recording?
    1.   after the first engine has started
    2.   on aircraft roll out from stand
    3.   after the first engine has started
11. An Inertial Navigation System (INS/IRS) computes distance from acceleration by?
    1.   two successive integrations
    2.   a simple integration
    3.   a differentiation followed by an integration
12. The accepted error from INS/IRS is?
    1.   2 miles per hour + 3 miles
    2.   3 miles / hour + 3 miles
    3.   1 mile/hour+3 miles
13. Fly-by-wire load alleviation function in turbulent conditions will result in?
    1.   spoilers moving symmetrically upwards
    2.   ailerons moving symmetrically upwards
    3.   ailerons and spoilers moving symmetrically upwards
14. IRS accelerometers are mounted ?
    1.   60° to each other
    2.   45° to each other
    3.   90° to each other
15. An FMS databank memory is updated ?
    1.   every 365 days
    2.   every 28 days
    3.   every 32 days
16. MFD is the abbreviation for?
    1.   Mandatory flight display
    2.   Multi function display
    3.   Master flight display
17. Which of the following could be a primary cause of HIRF protection failure ?
    1.   Broken or missing static wicks
    2.   Corrosion on bonding leads
    3.   Unserviceable radio filters
18. Who is responsible for producing the operational program of the FMS?
    1.   The pilot
    2.   The manufacturer
    3.   The engineer
19. Electrostatic discharge occurs when?
    1.   the ground lead on a wrist strap touches the skin
    2.   materials are rubbed together or pulled apart
    3.   materials of different potential are brought in close proximity to each other
20. During an EFIS screen fit ?
    1.   no tooling is required
    2.   dont touch terminals
    3.   use bonding strap
21. A seven segment display is used to?
    1.   display octal and decimal numbers only
    2.   display octal and binary numbers only
    3.   display alpha-numeric characters
22. What are the advantages of an LCD display over an LED ?
    1.   There are no advantages
    2.   It is brighter
    3.   It uses less current
23. An LCD display?
    1.   is monochrome
    2.   has three colours only
    3.   has infinite colours
24. To display a circle on a CRT you use?
    1.   2 sine waves 90 degrees out of phase
    2.   2 sine waves 180 degrees out of phase
    3.   2 square wave 90 degrees out of phase
25. An LED display is?
    1.   high definition
    2.   red and green
    3.   monochrome only
26. Magnetic deflection in a CRT is achieved by?
    1.   a sawtooth waveform
    2.   a trapezoidal waveform
    3.   a sinusoidal voltage
27. When using a TDR (time delay reflectometer) the loss value of the cable is ?
    1.   shown by the curve on the screen
    2.   set on the TDR
    3.   allowed for in the calculation
28. Fibreoptic systems can transmit data in?
    1.   in two directions
    2.   one direction only
    3.   both directions at the same time
29. A fibreoptic data bus?
    1.   can transmit several messages simultaneously
    2.   is only used for non essential messages
    3.   can only transmit 1 message at a time
30. Light travels along a fibre optic by?
    1.   refraction
    2.   dispersion
    3.   reflection
31. An 8 data input multiplexer has how many Data Select lines ?
    1.   2
    2.   3
    3.   8
32. A 12 bit 16 Channel encoder will use a multiplexer with?
    1.   3 bit parallel address line
    2.   2 wire series address line
    3.   4 bit parallel address line
33. The pins on an op amp are numbered ?
    1.   anticlockwise
    2.   clockwise
    3.   cross ways
34. Data is converted from serial to parallel and parallel to serial by ?
    1.   a synchronous counter
    2.   a parallel register
    3.   a shift register
35. An encoder changes ?
    1.   analogue to digital
    2.   data from one format to another
    3.   digital to analogue
36. On an IC, pin 1 is to the left of the notch. Which way are the pins numbered ?
    1.   Anticlockwise
    2.   Clockwise
    3.   Left to right
37. An ARINC 629 bus cable is a twisted pair of wires with ?
    1.   a 130 ohm resistor at both ends
    2.   a 130 ohm resistor at one end
    3.   a 230 ohm resistor at one end
38. The ARINC 429 low rate of transmission is?
    1.   100 kbits/second with high of 12-14 Mbits/second
    2.   12-14 Mbits/second with high of 100 Mbits/secon
    3.   12-14 Kbits/second with high of 100 kBits/second
39. What system uses base 8?
    1.   ARINC 629
    2.   ARINC 429, in dataword labels only
    3.   ARINC 573
40. An ARINC 429 system uses a ?
    1.   16 bit word over a twisted pair of wires
    2.   20 bit word over a bi-directional bus
    3.   32 bit word over a twisted pair of wires

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